Development of empirical angular distribution models for smoke aerosols: Methods
نویسندگان
چکیده
[1] Using broadband shortwave radiance measurements from the Clouds and Earth Radiant Energy System (CERES) sensors onboard the Terra and Aqua satellites, empirical angular distribution models (EADM) are constructed for smoke aerosols. These EADMs are constructed for smoke aerosols emitted during the biomass burning season (August‐October), in South America. All available years (2000–2008) of both rotating azimuth plane and cross‐track radiance data from CERES have been utilized. Aerosol scenes are identified using coincident aerosol optical thickness retrievals from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). The new EADMs are used to estimate top‐of‐atmosphere (TOA) shortwave flux for cloud free scenes. The CERES clearly shows the angular dependence of shortwave radiance on smoke aerosol optical thickness. A comparison of TOA shortwave fluxes estimated from the new smoke EADM with the existing CERES TOA shortwave fluxes shows that the CERES fluxes are higher (lower) for aerosol optical thickness less (greater) than 0.3, largely due to the use of aerosol optical thickness in characterizing the new EADMs developed in this study. Empirical ADMs for smoke aerosols over land are developed for the first time in this study, and our results demonstrate that large amounts of aerosols emitted during biomass burning activities contribute to the anisotropy of the radiance distribution at the TOA. Therefore, it is imperative to include aerosol information in the angular distribution models, especially now that more than a 10 year record of Terra data is available.
منابع مشابه
Development of Empirical Angular Distribution Models for Smoke Aerosols – Part 1 2 . Assessment of Shortwave Radiative
متن کامل
Assessment of smoke shortwave radiative forcing using empirical angular distribution models
a r t i c l e i n f o The Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) data has been used by several studies to calculate the top of atmosphere (TOA) shortwave aerosol radiative forcing (SWARF) of biomass burning aerosols over land. However, the current CERES angular distribution models that are used to convert measured TOA radiances to fluxes are not characterized by aerosols. Using ou...
متن کاملDesign of Air Distribution System for Operation Theatre Using Flow Visualization Techniques to Improve Flow Characteristics
Operation Theatre (OT) is the most important area where precise controlled on indoor air quality is required because it is directly related to patient health and its recovery period. This work aims to study and visualize the airflow distribution of conventional flat air diffuser ventilation system and newly designed angular air ventilation system in OT. Angular Air Distribution (AAD) system is ...
متن کاملNew Empirical Models for Estimating Permeability in One of Southern Iranian Carbonate Fields using NMR-Derived Features
Permeability is arguably the most important property in evaluating fluid flow in the reservoir. It is also one of the most difficult parameters to measure in field. One of the main techniques for determining permeability is the application of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) logging across the borehole. However, available correlations in literature for estimating permeability from NMR data do n...
متن کاملInteracted and Dynamic Effects between Social Capital and Economic Development: the Case of Iran (1989-2006)
In this paper, a version of the Vector Auto Regression (VAR) model has been used to investigate the interacted and dynamic effects between social capital and economic development in Iran during the period 1987-2006. To this purpose, variables of human capital, health and income distribution have been considered as the proxies of economic development. In addition, the volume of risky bank chequ...
متن کامل